The Taking Of Quebec

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Battlefield Near The Ohio

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French Soldiers In 1755

Narrative and critical history of America, Volume 5

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Celebrated Plains Of Abraham

Source - LOC

Qubbec, ville de l'Amerique...Created / Published [1755?]

Beyond these towers are the celebrated plains of Abraham, where our gallant Wolfe so dearly purchased that honour and renown which will ever accompany his name. The place where the British troops landed is about three miles from Cape Diamond, and forms a sort of small bay now generally known by the name of Wolfe's Cove. [Source 1816 publication]

Principal Actions Of The French And Indian War

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Witnessed Unconditional Surrender

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From The magazine of American history...:

"Escaping from this defeat [Battle of Sainte-Foy also called the Battle of Quebec], the benefit of which was snatched from the French by the timely arrival of reinforcements, he was found among the twenty-four hundred effectives who embarked July 15 for the attack on Montreal, to which Haviland was advancing from Crown Point and Amherst from Oswego."

"He [Maunsell] took part in the joyful reunion of the war-worn veterans of Quebec with the comrades from whom they had been so long and so far separated, and with them witnessed the close of the dominion of the French in Canada by the capitulation of the city, September 8, 1760, almost the anniversary of the victory that had so signally initiated it. He witnessed the unconditional surrender of the enemy by laying down their arms, upon which General Amherst had insisted, 'for the infamous part the troops of France have acted in inciting the savages to perpetrate the most horrid and unheard of barbarities in the whole progress of the war, and for other open treacheries and flagrant breaches of faith, to manifest to all the world by this capitulation his detestation of such practices. 'Alas for human inconsistency! the British commanders sanctioned the same barbarities during the Revolution."'


See more about John Maunsell here

Maunsell At The Siege Of Louisbourg

Military Achievements of Lieutenant-General John Maunsell, 1724-1795:

Map Of Louisbourg

"It was at this period that the services of John Maunsell become historical. He was in 'the sieges of Port l'Orient, Louisbourg, Quebec, Montreal, Martinique, and the Havana; he commanded the Thirty-fifth regiment, which mounted the breach of the Moro; was at the battle of the Plains of Abraham, under General Wolfe, in action under General Murray at the same place, and was twice wounded on service."'

"The capture of Louisbourg after a hard siege, in 1758, opened the door to Quebec, whither Wolfe sailed the next year with nine thousand men, a quarter less than had been promised him. With him went Captain Maunsell, at the head of his company, and took his share in the dangers, privations, and disappointments of the eventful summer of 1759. At length, on the fateful September 13 came the closing of the first act on the Plains of Abraham, and Captain Maunsell was carried wounded from the field in his own sash, which is preserved in the family, stained with his blood." [Source]

Havanna During The Yellow Fever Months

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"Formerly an old Church, but because used by the English in 1762 as a place of worship was considered desecrated, and abandoned."

He [General John Maunsell]  had earned his promotion, and in the next year, 1761, was commissioned major in the distinguished Sixtieth, or Royal Americans, in which Moncton, Wolfe's second in command (wounded in the battle at Quebec), was colonel. Under that gallant and generous commander he served at the siege of Martinique in 1761-62. He was in the trenches before Havana during the yellow fever months of 1762, and led the Thirty-fifth regiment into the breach of the Moro Castle, August 14, and carried it by storm. This seems to have ended his active military career in the field, as it ended for a time the wars of Great Britain in the west.

In recognition of his gallant achievement, he was gazetted lieutenant-colonel of the Eighty-third regiment, October 31, 1762. This regiment was disbanded in 1763, and he was transferred to the Twenty-seventh Foot (Inniskillings). Source: The magazine of American history with notes and queries

"Ample historical evidence which is elsewhere detailed was secured proving that the first well authenticated epidemic alleged to have been imported from Vera Cruz occurred in 1761." [Source]

Redstone And Fort Gaddis

"Col. Thomas Gaddis...removed to what is now Fayette county, Pennsylvania, then thought to be a part of the Virginia territory, in the year 1758. He had heen in this country several times prior to the date given, having been with Washington and Braddock in their campaigns in 1754 and 1755."

Soldiers Surrounding A Dying General Braddock

"He [Thomas Gaddis] was one of the very first pioneers to become permanent residents of the Redstone country."


"Before tile building of the other Indian forts in this section he had erected old Fort Gaddis, on his clearing, about two miles southwest of what afterwards became Beesontown, now Uniontown."

Battle Of Point Pleasant - Part Of Dunsmore's War

"Several of these old settlers' forts were built at a very early period, but were first needed by the settlers at the outbreak of Dunmore's war in 1774."

"...on one occasion, the Indians drove the settlers to Fort Gaddis. He further related that he had seen Colonel Daniel Boone, and his party, in camp in the grove near Fort Gaddis, when Boone was passing through here." [Source]

Journal Of Captain Morris

Journal Of Captain Thomas Morris, Of His Majesty's XVII Regiment Of Infantry; Detroit, September 25, 1764. (1791;1904)

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Also see Lieutenant Holmes' Garrison on my Detour Through History blog.

1,000 Or More Canadians At Detroit

"...[the last French Governor of Canada] Vaudreuil's capitulation and a letter by him directing Detroit to be given up in accordance with the terms agreed upon between him and General Amherst, Rogers finally ordered Captain Beletre to surrender or he would attack the [Detroit] fort... .  Beletre acquiesced on November 29, 1760, and the *fleur de lis was lowered from the flagstaff and the cross of St. George was raised in its place."

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"The 1,000 or more Canadians at Detroit were allowed to retain their farms and houses on the condition that they swear allegiance to the English Crown. The Canadians readily complied, if for no other reason than that they had 3,000 packs of furs that they were anxious to sell, as they had no opportunity of selling them since Fort Niagara was taken in 1759." [Source]

*Depiction of the Fleur de lis Flag 

Alexander Fowler, French-Indian War

From The Records of deeds for the district of West Augusta, Virginia : for the court held at Fort Dunmore (Pittsburgh, Pa.), 1775-1776, copied consecutively as recorded:

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The Samuel Morris Journal

A description of the Samuel Morris Journal which is held at the University of Michigan's Clements Library can be found here.

"The Samuel Morris journal contains the daily accounts of a Connecticut private and clerk serving under Captain Andrew Dalrymple and Colonel Eleazer Fitch during the French and Indian War."

Apparently Barzillai Richmond also served under Dalrymple and was at Ticonderoga:

He [Barzillai Richmond] was at the siege of Ticonderoga under Dalrymple...

Mary Philipse, Roger Morris And George Washington

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Roger Morris, of New York, was a captain in the British army, in the French war, and one of the aides of the ill-fated Braddock. He married Mary, daughter of Frederick Phillipse, Esq., and settled in New York.

Roger Morris And Source

A part of the Phillipse estate was in possession of Colonel Morris in right of his wife, and was confiscated. Imagination, says Sabine,  dwells upon the attainting of a lady whose beauty and attractions had won the admiration of Washington*.

*An interesting incident occurred in the early life of Mrs. Morris — no other than that Washington desired to become her suitor... . He...was careful to entrust his secret to a confidential friend, whose letters kept him informed of every important event. In a few months intelligence came that there was a rival in the field, and that consequences could not be answered for if he delayed to renew his visits to New York.  He never saw the lady again, till she was married to that same rival, Captain Morris, his former associate in arms, and one of Braddock'a aide-de-camps. [Text - Loyalists Of America, Page 200]

Persistent Neglect

See John Maunsell, A Soldier Of Wolfe's for more information of Lieutenant-General Maunsell (1724-1795).

"The persistent neglect of the home government to provide any defense for the American colonies against the attacks of the French in Canada, and their Indian allies, can only be excused on the ground of its own unsettled state and the wars on the Continent into which the accession of William of Orange drew it. For a century and a half they were left to defend themselves, garrison their forts, and protect their frontiers, each for itself, as best it could, without any substantial aid from the mother country or from each other. So disaffection grew, and the Dutch at Albany secured their own safety by giving the French at Montreal information and a lucrative trade."

French Habitants

"In 1746 Louisbourg, the key to the St. Lawrence, had been captured by the soldiers of New England and New York, aided only by a squadron under Sir Peter Warren; but it was recklessly given back to France, to the humiliation and disgust of the colonies, the untold misery of the French in Acadia, and to the disgrace and confusion of the government, for they were compelled to retake it in 1758 at an enormous cost of blood and treasure."

The French In The Upper Mississippi Valley

"At last, after France had established herself solidly along the St. Lawrence and the great lakes, and in the valleys of the Ohio and Mississippi, and inclosed the English colonies with a chain of strong fortresses which seemed to defy any attempt to take them, the lion aroused himself to see the foe on every side of him."

British Military (Near Braddock's Gravesite)

"Virginia moved first on her own account in 1754, when young Washington first gave token of the valor, fortitude, and prudence which made him the foremost man-of his own and every age. The next year Braddock was sent against DuQuesne, Johnson against Crown Point, while Shirley prepared to attack Niagara; but all that they gained was a rout and massacre, a fruitless victory, and a knowledge of the strength of the French in position and resources. The three following years were spent in getting rid of incapables, with incredible suffering and useless bloodshed."   [Source]

Thomas Gage Letter

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M0367_Box1_Folder10_1765-10-10
Description Letter discusses provisioning of troops at Quebec, Montreal, Crown Point, Detroit and other forts in Canada and the Northwest. Gage reports his opinion that troops in the west can be provisioned at a cheaper rate, but that supplies might be precarious in the event of an insurrection.

Required Credit Line: Use must be accompanied with the attribution: Indiana Historical Society.

Jumonville And The Glen

Grave Of Jumonville (NPS Sign)

The blood of M. de Jumonville was the first to shed in the Seven Years' War, a conflict that extended into every quarter of the globe. This unfortunate Frenchman was in command of a detachment of thirty-five men from the fort a few weeks hence to be called Fort Duquesne; and, in a night attack made upon encampment by a company of Virginians, under command of Washington, he, with several of his men, was slain--May 28th, 1754. [Source Page 35]

Sufferings In The Captured City

Summer In Quebec, Quebec, Canada

Lieutenant-General John Maunsell's winter in Quebec:

But if gallantry was displayed in scaling the precipice with Wolfe and routing the French on their own ground, it was far more conspicuous in enduring the dangers and sufferings of the terrible winter which the shattered remnant of the army spent in the captured city. Besides their ever-active enemies in the flesh they were compelled to face frost and cold, hunger and nakedness, scurvy and fever. The officers shared the labors of the men, so that a sergeant records: "None but those who were present on the spot can imagine the grief of heart the soldiers felt to see their officers yoked in the harness, dragging up cannon from the lower town; to see gentlemen who were set over them by his majesty to command and keep them to their duty, working at the batteries with the pick-axe and spade." Maunsell survived these dangers, labors, and privations, and when Levis, who had succeeded Montcalm, came against them in the spring with three times their number, he was one of the three thousand left from Wolfe's nine thousand whom General Murray gallantly but unsuccessfully led out to meet them on the same field where their heroic chief had fallen. [Source]

Quebec Map Circa 1759

John Maunsell, A Soldier Of Wolfe's

Source (1724-1795)

From The magazine of American history...:


John Maunsell, a soldier of Wolfe's, who reached the rank of lieutenant-general, was a son of Richard Maunsell, of Limerick, M.P. from 1741 to 1761, and Jane, daughter of Richard Waller, Esq., of Castle Waller, county Tipperary, Ireland.

The subject of this sketch received his commission as ensign in 1741 at the age of seventeen. Another John Mansell, or Maunsell, as it is differently spelled, was commissioned in the third dragoon guards in 1753, and rose through all the grades in the same regiment, being senior captain in 1764, and became lieutenant-general in 1800; but their services were in widely different fields.

Who Should Own It?

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